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WASHINGTON Titans Blaine Gabbert Jersey , Feb. 4 (Xinhua) -- Man-made forests are commonly recognized as key strategies for climate mitigation, but a new study said Thursday that Europe's managed forests are contributing to climate warming rather than countering it.
"Our study shows that historical land-cover changes and forest management in Europe did not mitigate climate warming," Chen Yiying, who took part in the research while studying at the Institute Pierre Simon Laplace in France, wrote in an email to Xinhua.
"This is surprising as it goes against the current assumption that all forests and all sustainable forest management cool the climate," said Chen, now research fellow at the National University of Singapore.
The study, published in the U.S. journal Science, reconstructed 260 years of historical land use in Europe and improved a complex computer model to calculate the amount of carbon, energy and water that is trapped or released by managing a forest.
By doing this, the researchers could analyze the effect of historical afforestation and forest management on the carbon balance and the contemporary climate.
The study showed that land-use changes since 1750 have increased Europe's forest area by 10 percent and put over 85 percent of the forests under management.
Meanwhile, strong favoritism of foresters to plant more commercially valuable trees -- such as Scot pines, Norway spruce and beech -- has resulted in reforestation of 633,000 square km of conifers at the expense of broadleaved forests, which decreased by 436,000 square km since 1850.
"Over the past 260 years, a lot of broadleaf forests have been converted into conifer forests which resulted in large scale tree species changes form deciduous (bright color) to evergreen (dark color)," Chen said.
"As the results, the European's forest management changes the surface energy budget and traps heat in the near surface atmosphere," which contributed to climate warming rather than mitigating it.
Besides, converting a natural forest to a man-made forest caused carbon stored in the biomass, litter, dead wood and soil of the forest to be released to the atmosphere.
Although Europe's forest management has a little contribution to regional warming, it does not strongly contribute to global warming, Chen noted.
"It shapes our understanding of the climate effects of forest management," Chen said of the study's significance. "It shows that we should be careful when planning large-scale changes in land-use because the net effects may be different than the anticipated outcome."
Bora Milutinovic, Serbian soccer coach. Provided to China Daily
Premier Li Keqiang will meet a host of celebrities in Belgrade on Thursday, but this will be more than just a routine diplomatic assignment.
There is a strong sports connection, especially in soccer, between China and Serbia that is rooted in success on and off the field.
The Chinese Football Association says that 23 coaches from Serbia, including the former Yugoslavia, have worked with various Chinese national teams and league clubs since 2000.
And China's proudest soccer moment, when it qualified for the World Cup in 2002, was in large part due to the efforts of Serbian coach Bora Milutinovic.
Milutinovic's modesty means that he ranks himself as the second-most-famous Serb among Chinese people. But with respect to Novak Djokovic, the world's No 1 tennis player, Milutinovic's claim to be only No 2 could be legitimately disputed.
After guiding China to the World Cup finals, the 74-year-old Milutinovic has become a phenomenally popular figure in China, where his micro blog has more than 6 million followers - more than 80 percent of Serbia's population. He is instantly recognizable wherever he goes in China, where he is hailed as a sports hero.
He has traveled the world to continue his coaching career, but Milutinovic, better known as Milu in China, is still involved in Chinese soccer. His latest role is as a technical adviser with a second-tier league club, Guangdong Sunray Cave FC.
"If there is one country I like, it is China. So whenever China needs me, I will always be ready to help," he said.
Milutinovic is one of only two coaches, the other being Brazil's Carlos Alberto Parreira, to have coached five teams to the World Cup - Mexico, Costa Rica, the United States, Nigeria and China.
Milu may be the best-known Serb coach, but others have left their mark as well.
Slobodan Santrac was among the first group of Serbian coaches to ply their trade in China. Santrac led Shandong Luneng to win the league championship and the CFA Cup title in his first season in 2000 and was named coach of the year. Milorad Kosanovic stepped in to coach Dalian Shide in 2000 and helped the club win three league titles from 2001 to 2003 - the only coach, Chinese or foreign, to achieve the feat.
Some say that discipline, expertise and adaptability have given Serbs the background to succeed in China.
"I think one of the key factors is they have a down-to-earth mindset and are willing to learn the actual situation of Chinese soccer," said Fan Zhiyi, China's national captain during Milu's tenure in 2002.
Dragomir Okuka, who coached top league club Jiangsu Sainty from 2011 to 2013, echoed Fan's view.
"Milu proved that Serbian coaches can be successful in China and really opened the door for us in 2002. We worked on his success," the 2012 coach of the year said.
NANNING， China， May 7 (Xinhua) -- Following are the results of women's three-meter springboard synchronized at Diving National Championships， which also serves as an Olympic trial:
1. He ZiWu Chunting， Guangdong， 326.70 points
2. Wang HanXu Zhihuan， Hebei， 307.80
3. Qu LinSun Mengchen， Jiangsu， 300.60
4. Xia BingqingXia Yujie， Shanghai， 296.88
5. Huang XiaohuiLiu Lingru. Cheap Jerseys Football Jerseys Wholesale Soccer Jerseys Wholesale Authentic NHL Jerseys China Cheap Giants Jerseys Cheap Yankees Jerseys Cheap Minnesota Twins Jerseys Cheap Texas Rangers Jerseys Wholesale Tampa Bay Rays Jerseys Wholesale Pittsburgh Pirates Jerseys |
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